Psychological Experience of Colonialism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

My Adventure with Drugs :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Adventure with Drugs My sibling David chose one evening that he was going to take me on an experience. He resulted in these present circumstances choice in the wake of smoking pot and viewing the Disney variant of Alice in Wonderland. I, being an offspring of nine, thought it sounded fun. My folks weren't home and my sibling should watch me. Mother and Dad for the most part didn't care for me going excessively far from the house when they weren't there. That is the reason I addressed was to what extent it would take. â€Å"We'll be back before they get home,† he let me know. That sounded great to me. I said I'd go with him. We began off by strolling once again the slopes and intersection the stream in the bovine field that is over the street from my home. I indicated him the gathering of trees close to the furthest finish of the field that was over developed and brimming with vines to swing on and logs to hole up behind. I revealed to him I called it Sherwood Forrest. It appeared incredible news to him since he acted energized, however to my mistake we didn't stop there. It appears that my sibling had a goal at the top of the priority list. We left the field and crossed through the side of the forested edges that start around my home. We followed a way that my neighbor used to ride her pony on. We strolled through newly turned fields and verdant ones that had no beneficial reason. At long last after the entirety of the open land we ran into an obstruction. The hindrance is called highway 283. My sibling and I bounced the fence that is intended to get individuals and creatures far from the expressway. It wasn't until my sibling climbed the bank and had a leg over the metal hindrance set up to shield vehicles from colliding with the dump I remained in that I had enough mental fortitude to ask him an inquiry.

What are The Best Ways to Write a CDR Like A Pro

What are The Best Ways to Write a CDR Like A Pro Here in this blog, I am going to share with you how to write a CDR like a pro. This blog will help you to learn the CDR writing skills. A CDR is an essential requirement for an engineer to get work in Australia. It is a combination of the document that is for demonstrating the competency of your engineering skills and English language. Thus many no of an engineer who prepares their CDR for the first time find that CDR preparation is not an easy task. In order to migrate a CDR is required for calculating the competency of an engineer. CDR Report needs to be submitted to the Engineers Australia for the skills assessment process. In another way, it could be your ticket to getting your Skilled Migration Visa. Best Ways to Write A CDR Summary Best Ways to Write A CDR1. Write the career episode format2. Prepare an Introduction3. Write the background4. Include a personal engineering activity5. Prepare a summaryFundamentals of Report writingMain purpose of the career episode reportsDemonstrate or express your competenciesHow to write Career EpisodeTake Help from The Experts To need to your CDR Report prepared instantly there some things. It demands a lot of, correct knowledge, consideration, and the right language. We shall classify the best way to prepare for your CDR Report. 1. Write the career episode format You should from the starting make a work scene plan. To make the best CDR Report because it will be then evaluated further and make sure that your career episode format. 2. Prepare an Introduction As associate is basic part of CSR. Moreover, ensure that it will set at any rate 100 words or something like that at any rate, not more than that As it is a presentation the central part. So you have to make it little and brief. Since associates will be straightforward and with the point fundamentally will depict your thought expressly. It ought to fundamentally show the peruses the calling scene arrangement, and it should solidify the going with things: Duration and dates of the career episodeAny geographical locationThe title of the positionThe name of your organization 3. Write the background Writing or consolidating establishment information in the CDR Report is critical. It will cover the long drag help you in laying everything out. It would offer you with a mind-blowing setting. You make sure that word limit for the foundation data will be at any rate from 200 to 500 words approximate. It should include some of the below-referenced things: Aims and objectives of the projectThe nature of the overall engineering projectAn outline of the organizational structureThe quality of the particular work areaProvide the official statements of your duties 4. Include a personal engineering activity This is viewed as the body of the story and furthermore the key assessable part simultaneously. In this part essentially you ought to depict your genuine work in detail and ensure your assertion farthest point ought not to surpass from 1000 words or something like that. First, you ought to express the reason for what you did and after that state how you did it in like manner. Nevertheless, it is not viewed as essential to clarify the accompanying exercises done by you when in the group or the gathering. 5. Prepare a summary A summary is basically a short of what you have written, and it sums up the majority of your impressions and clarifications of the engineering action and your role. Some of the things it should include are: How is your role contributed to the project?Your point of view of the overall project?How your project is fared in meeting your goals and requirements?How do you apply your engineering knowledge and skills?Strategies used by you on the original or creative work, so how do you work with other team members Fundamentals of Report writing Here are some of the fundamentals of report writing, and they are: Writing style and the language that the reader will easily understand and also want or desire.Understand the purpose of writing a reportOffer the readers with relevant information they require or need Main purpose of the career episode reports One of the main purposes of the career episode reports in a CDR Report is basically to express to engineers living in Australia. You can apply, and you can also gain a bit of knowledge and skills at the level of a professional engineer, associate, or technologist. It is an occupation that you’ve listed down for immigration purposes. Demonstrate or express your competencies It is not about: The market position and size of your companyYour unconfirmed claims of knowledge and skillsThe technical details or information about the project or job you’ve done beforeHow well you were respected or the status How to write Career Episode This is important aspect of how to write a CDR. Do you know the fact that career episode does represent your experience and knowledge in the field of engineering? And also it can be related to education and work experience at the same time? Thus, Every career episode has to based on the specific or the different periods. The distinct aspect of the engineering activity and make sure all of these three episodes shall include different periods and different points of engineering activity. It is, considers essential to offer evidence to apply for the engineering skills and knowledge in the listed down occupation or job. You should write a Career episode in good English and also it should be in your own words. Take Help from The Experts If you are not able to do write a CDR by your own or you want to check it from the experts dont get worried Calltutors CDR writing services available for you 24*7 just submit the quires we revert you soon with the solution Thank You!

Gallimimus Facts and Figures

Name: Gallimimus (Greek for chicken mimic); pronounced GAL-ih-MIME-usHabitat: Â  Plains of AsiaHistorical Period: Late Cretaceous (75-65 million years ago)Size and Weight: About 20 feet long and 500 poundsDiet: Unknown; possibly meat, plants and insects and even planktonDistinguishing Characteristics: Long tail and legs; slender neck; wide-set eyes; small, narrow beak About Gallimimus Despite its name (Greek for chicken mimic), its possible to overstate how much the late Cretaceous Gallimimus actually resembled a chicken; unless you know many chickens that weigh 500 pounds and are capable of running 30 miles per hour, a better comparison might be to a beefy, low-to-the-ground, aerodynamic ostrich. In most respects, Gallimimus was the prototypical ornithomimid (bird mimic) dinosaur, albeit a bit larger and slower than many of its contemporaries, such as Dromiceiomimus and Ornithomimus, which lived in North America rather than central Asia. Gallimimus has been featured prominently in Hollywood movies: its the ostrich-like creature seen galloping away from a hungry Tyrannosaurus Rex in the original Jurassic Park, and it also makes smaller, cameo-type appearances in various Jurassic Park sequels. Considering how popular it is, though, Gallimimus is a relatively recent addition to the dinosaur bestiary. This theropod was discovered in the Gobi Desert in 1963, and is represented by numerous fossil remains, ranging from juveniles to full-grown adults; decades of close study have revealed a dinosaur possessing hollow, birdlike bones, well-muscled hind legs, a long and heavy tail, and (perhaps most surprisingly) two eyes set on opposite sides of its small, narrow head, meaning that Gallimimus lacked binocular vision. There is still serious disagreement about the diet of Gallimimus. Most theropods of the late Cretaceous period subsisted on animal prey (other dinosaurs, small mammals, even birds venturing too close to land), but given its lack of stereoscopic vision Gallimimus may well have been omnivorous, and one paleontologist speculates that this dinosaur may even have been a filter feeder (that is, it dipped its long beak into lakes and rivers and snatched up wriggling zooplankton). We do know that other comparably sized and built theropod dinosaurs, such as Therizinosaurus and Deinocheirus, were primarily vegetarians, so these theories cant easily be dismissed!

Business Statistic Project Report Asian Business Schools

1. Include a summary for each variable in the data set. Make comments and interpretations based on maximum and minimums, well as the appropriate means and proportions. What new insights do these descriptive statistics provide concerning Asia-Pacific business schools? Analysis: 1. Full time enrolment is highest in Indian Institute of Management (Calcutta), 463 and lowest in Macquaire Graduate School of Management (Sydney),12 as per data available from the full time enrolment. They are far above and below as compared with the average full time enrolment of individuals in Asian countries. Average number of full time enrolment in these B-schools across Asia Pacific is 165 out of total number of 4129 students Students per Faculty:†¦show more content†¦Average portion of foreign students in Asian B-Schools is about 28%. Starting salary is highest for International University of Japan (Niigata), i.e. $87,000, while it is lowest for Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, i.e. $7,000. Average starting salary in Asian Business Schools is $37,292. All this data provides information regarding the potential that Asian markets possess and the pace at which they are growing. Standard Deviation is quite high at 23459; it may suggest that $ 87000 is outlier Screenshot of the Excel Sheet 2. Summarize the data to compare the following –: a. Any Difference between local and foreign tuition costs. b. Any Difference between mean starting salaries for schools requiring and not requiring work experience. c. Any difference between starting salaries for schools requiring and not requiring English test. Analysis: a) Not much difference between local and foreign tuition fees. Mostly colleges have same local and foreign tuition fees. Lahore University of Management Sciences has highest difference of $ 15050 b) Mean starting salary for B-Schools requiring work experience is $41305.26, while for those institutes that do not require work experience, the mean starting salary is $24,583.33. This clearly shows that average salary of schools with requirement of work experience is significantly higher as compared to that of thoseShow MoreRelatedWalk Through The Valley Of Truth3264 Words   |  14 PagesProfessor Erica Chutuape s Asians in the U.S. class (Asian 210.02) at Hunter College ARCHIVE Walk Through The Valley of Truth A model minority, or a minority group whether based on ethnicity, race, or religion, is often perceived to achieve a higher degree of socioeconomic success than the population average. This goes as far as to assuming success in most, if not all, of the areas such as education, income, family stability, and low crime rate. Although there are Asian Americans that have strivedRead MoreFunding And The Challenges Of Accreditation At Numerous Schools879 Words   |  4 Pagesto the top. It addresses the issues on funding and the challenges of accreditation at numerous schools. In the rest of this issue it pinpoints the legacy that each individual school has to uphold. I would also like to discuss the instructive approaches by HBCUs consistently making programs that build minority, especially African Americans, cooperation in underrepresented fields like, designing, business, and solution among others. Organizations and companies that are focused on expanding differingRead MoreStudent Body At The University Of South Florida1327 Words   |  6 PagesAudience Analysis As a startup business or company, there are many benefits to research in which can dramatically aid the decision-making process in all aspects. 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As the result, these policies are claimed to promote â€Å"diversity in schools and workplaces† (Clarkson, Miller, and Cross 696). However, affirmative action policies raise up questions about whether they are constitutional or not. The programs may even conflict with the Fourteenth Amendment’s equal protection clause. FurthermoreRead MoreIndia s Foreign Direct Investment Essay2989 Words   |  12 Pagesinvestment Nepal has received until now. The Nepalese Investment Board signed a Project Development Agreement with GMR Group, an Indian multinational firm regarding the construction of the Upper Karnali hydropower estimated worth US $ 1.5 billion. The project will generate 900 megawatts of electricity; of which Nepal will receive 12 per cent free energy, along with 27 per cent equity. GMR Group will hand over the project to Nepal after operating it commercially for 25 years. Similarly, another decisionRead MoreThe Global Problem Facing Chinese Construction Firms4322 Words   |  18 Pagesmore importantly bilateral agreements (Pheng et al, 2004). For instance, in the 1950?s the Chinese government was able to secure agreements with foreign nations and consequently, send its state-owned contractors to complete operational construction projects, mainly in developing countries (Zhao and Shen, 2008). After China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in December 2001, the government was able to extend its global reach and secure an increasing number of foreign construction agreementsRead More16 Things Every International Student Should Know About Insead Essay1362 Words   |  6 PagesINSEAD Georges Frederic Doriot (1899-1987), who earned the sobriquet of â€Å"Father of venture capitalism† for establishing the American Research and Development Corporation, founded INSEAD, an acronym for the French name for the â€Å"European Institute of Business Administration,† in 1957. Location: INSEAD has three campuses—one each in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France (Europe campus); Singapore (Asia campus); and Abu Dhabi, UAE (Middle-east campus). The Europe campus is located on the edge of the ForestRead More Asian Financial Crisis Essay2964 Words   |  12 Pages In the summer of 1997, an economic and currency crisis rocked the Asian markets. One by one, Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Indonesia, Korea and Japan saw their economies crash in the wake of heavy foreign investment. An economic boom had made the region an attractive investment opportunity for much of the 1990s. By 1997, however, domestic production and development had stalled, and foreign investors grew nervous. A divestment run on the Thai baht triggered the crash. Large corporations

Contingency Theory Free Essays

briefly define key terms first – whose theory are you discussing and what are its elements? (2) Routineness of task technology Depending on the type of technology (routine or non-routine) the organisational structure, leadership style and control systems will differ. This will be discussed in greater detail in later chapters. (3) Environmental uncertainty What works in a stable environment may not work or be totally inappropriate in a rapidly changing and unpredictable environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Contingency Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now (4) Individual differences. ifferences are important when managers select motivation techniques, leadership styles and job designs. Body of management thought, based on the premises that there is no single best way to manage because every situation and every manager is different. Therefore, there are only a few universal management principles, and an appropriate management style depends on the demands of a particular situation. See also classical school of management, quantitative school of management, and systems school of management. Fayol – theorist – Fayol’s 14 principles then and now Management style  that  changes  according to the situation, and the type of  decision  to be made between autocratic, consultative, democratic and other  styles. See alsocontingency school of management. Contingency theory is a behavioral theory that claims that there is no single best way to design organizational structures. The best way of organizing e. g. a company, is, however, contingent upon the internal and external situation of the company. The contingency approach to organizational design tailors the design of the company to the sources of environmental uncertainties faced by the organization. The point is to design an organizational structure that can handle uncertainties in the environment effectively and efficiently. Therefore, previous theories such as Weber’s theory of bureaucracy and Taylor’s scientific management approach sometimes fail because they neglect that effective management styles and organizational structures are influenced by various aspects of the environment: the contingency factors. Therefore, there can not be ONE optimal organizational design for every company, because no companies are completely similar, and because every company faces its own set of unique environmental contingencies that result in different levels of environmental uncertainties. Contingency theory has historically sought to develop generalizations about the formal structures that would fit the use of different technologies. This focus was put forward by Joan Woodward (1958), who argued that technologies directly determine organizational attributes such as span of control, centralization of authority, and the formalization of rules and procedures. Theorists such as P. R. Lawrence and J. W. Lorsch found that companies operating in less stable environments operated more effectively, if the organizational structure was less formalized, more decentralized and more reliant on mutual adjustment between various departments in the company. Likewise, companies in uncertain environments seemed to be more effective with a greater degree of differentiation between subtasks in the organization, and when the differentiated units were heavily integrated with each other. ite at least two recent academic journal articles, Save as:   student ID_surname_assignment1. doc Possible research questions are: What is a manager? What is contingency approach? How do we define its relevance today? In what way does contingency approach affect the work of the manager and how/why? Very important to address this aspect because it is worth 50 marks. The conclusion should just summarise your findings and not introduce any new material (nor quotations). * Heri al Fayol’s contributions He argued that management was an activity common to all human undertakings in business, in government, and even in the home. He stated 14 principles of management—fundamental or universal truths. * Max Weber’s contributions Weber developed a theory of authority structures and described organizational activity on the basis of authority relations. He described an ideal type of organization that he called a bureaucracy, characterized by division of labor, a clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules and regulations, and impersonal relationships. Division of labor * Authority hierarchy * Formal selection * Formal rules and regulations * Impersonality * Career orientation * During the Hawethorne studies: Mayo’s Finding: * Behavior and sentiments are closely related. * Group influences significantly affect individual behavior. * Group standards establish individual worker output. * Money is less a factor in determining output than are group standards, group sentiments, and security. How to cite Contingency Theory, Papers

Ryan Todrank 10 October 2017 SWRK 150 Reflection # Essays

Ryan Todrank 10 October 2017 SWRK 150 Reflection #6 Neither corporations nor unions should be allowed to donate to political supporters at all. Both of those entities consist of members from all political parties. The First Amendment protects free speech. It pointedly does not discuss the speaker of that speech, so the origin of the speech is irrelevant to its protected status , whether it comes from a person or union or corporation, etc. There's a reason why the right-wing Heritage Foundation, the libertarian Cato Institute and the left-wing ACLU all united to back the court's decision . I t is clearly a Constitutionally based decision that re affirms the right to freedom of speech. The Supreme Court revisited the issue of campaign finance in early October, hearing arguments on a case that asks whether there should be a limit on the total amount that an individual can don ate to political candidates and political parties during an election cycle. In 1974, after the fallout from the Watergate scandal, laws were enacted that created the structure for campaign finance regulations. The laws capped the amount that an individual can directly donate to any one candidate or to a political party. If we out a ban on things like this people who have no money or funds to even compete in the big world of politics wouldn ' t have a chance. Even small donations can make a difference. Take Barrack Obama for example, he never would have ended up President if he didn ' t have tons of small donations

antigone- a tragic hero essays

antigone- a tragic hero essays In the story Antigone, by Sophocles, Antigone is the tragic hero. By definition a tragedy is an extremely sad course of events or a fatal event and a tragic hero is a member of royalty. (Aristotle, p398). Antigones pride for her brother makes her a hero. She will not back down from anything when she is getting caught. Antigone is a mind-set person when it comes to getting things done her way. Not only is Antigone a hero to everyone else, she is also a hero to herself. After she is caught, She speaks with pride about what she has done. She says, I should have praise and honor for what I have done. All these men would praise me were their mouths not frozen shut with fear of you.(Antigone, p710, 98-100). In a way, she is boastful about breaking the law. She thinks she has done the right thing. Another heroic characteristic of Antigone is that she shows and immense amount of love. She makes sure she gets her brother buried no matter what the consequences are. But I will bury him; and if I must die, I will say this crime is holy (Antigone, p694, 55-56) Antigone says. Even when Ismene tries to take the blame for her brothers burial, Antigone takes all the blame. Antigone loved her family dearly. Antigone is also a determined person. After she put her mind to it, nothing could stop her from doing what she wanted. She even says, Creon is not strong enough to stand in my way. (Antigone, p694, 35). Even though the consequence was death, Antigone still goes through with it. Her determination and love for her brother gives her the courage to keep her pride. Antigones love, determination, and courage changes Creons way of thinking, but it was too late. She didnt allow anyone or anything to get in the way of her dreams. She always kept her pride and principles. Antigone really is a tragic hero. ...

A Definition and Introduction to the Keiretsu System

A Definition and Introduction to the Keiretsu System In Japanese, the word keiretsu can be  translated to mean group or system, but its relevance in economics far surpasses this seemingly simple translation. It has also been literally translated to mean headless combine, which highlights the keiretsu systems history and relationship to previous Japanese systems like that of the zaibatsu. In Japan and now throughout the field of economics, the word  keiretsu refers to a specific type of business partnership, alliance, or extended enterprise. In other words, a keiretsu is an informal business group. A keiretsu has generally been defined in practice as a  conglomeration of businesses associated with cross-shareholdings which are  formed around their own trading companies or large banks. But  equity ownership is not a prerequisite for keiretsu formation. In fact, a keiretsu can also be a business network of comprised of manufacturers, supply chain partners, distributors, and even financiers, who are all financially independent but who work very closely together to support and ensure mutual success. Two Types of Keiretsu There are essentially two types of keiretsus, which have been  described in English as horizontal and vertical keiretsus. A horizontal keiretsu, also known as a financial keiretsu, is characterized by the cross-shareholding relationships formed between firms which are centered around a major bank. The bank will provide these companies with a variety of financial services. A vertical keiretsu, on the other hand, is known as a jump-style keiretsu or an industrial keiretsu. Vertical keiretsus tie together in partnership the suppliers, manufacturers, and distributor of an industry. Why Form a Keiretsu? A keiretsu may provide  a manufacturer the ability to form stable, long-term business partnerships which ultimately permit the manufacturer to remain lean and efficient while focusing mainly on its core business. The formation of this type of partnership is a practice that permits a large keiretsu the capability to control a majority, if not all, steps in the economic chain in their industry or business sector. Another aim of keiretsu systems is the formation of powerful corporate structure across related businesses. When member firms of a keiretsu are associated through cross-shareholdings, which is to say that they own small portions of equity in each others businesses, they remain somewhat insulated from market fluctuations, volatility, and even business takeover attempts. With the stability provided by the keiretsu system, firms can focus on efficiency, innovation, and long-term projects. History of Keiretsu System in Japan In Japan, the keiretsu system specifically refers to the framework of business relationships that arose in post-World War II Japan after the fall of the family-owned vertical monopolies that controlled much of the economy known as zaibatsu. The keiretsu system joined Japans big banks and big firms when related companies organized around a big bank (like Mitsui, Mitsubishi, and Sumitomo) and took ownership of equity in one another and in the bank. As a result, those related companies did consistent business with one another. While the keiretsu system has had the virtue of maintaining long-term business relationships and stability in suppliers and customers in Japan, there are still critics. For instance, some argue that the keiretsu system has the disadvantage of reacting slowly to outside events since the players are partly protected from the external market. More Research Resources Related to the Keiretsu System Japans keiretsu system: the case of the automobile industryThe Japanese keiretsu system: an empirical analysis

Tracking Civilian Deaths in Afghanistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tracking Civilian Deaths in Afghanistan - Essay Example Tracking Civilian Deaths in Afghanistan The following analysis will seek to engage the reader with an overall discussion that helps to elaborate upon the usefulness of these statistics, whether or not they might be utilized in further forms of analysis, the potential that exists for them to be much higher than is being represented, and interpretation of why all of these compliments necessarily matter. Through such a level of discussion and engagement, it is the hope of this author that the reader will be able to come to a more informed and definitive level of understanding with respect to civilian deaths within Afghanistan and the manner through which such representative data is utilized in the future. Firstly, and perhaps most importantly, the data that was represented did not start tracking the deaths caused by IEDs or suicide attacks until 2009; fully two years after the analysis was begun. This was a fundamental oversight; however, an even larger oversight was with regards to the fact that the overall civilian death toll with respect to drone strikes was not measured until 2012 (Zenko, 2014). As anyone even remotely familiar with the conflict in Afghanistan note, the lion’s share of coalition attacks over the past several years in Afghanistan have been predicated upon the backbone of drone strikes as the primary delivery mechanism. In such a way, not having representative statistics that began at the time in which the study was engaged does not provide the user with an accurate description of the way in which civilian deaths have been represented within Afghanistan during the time period in question.

Impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on the Accounting and Auditing Essay

Impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act on the Accounting and Auditing Profession - Essay Example The unexpected corporate failures brought the integrity of the financial statement audit into question (Elson & Lynn, 2008). The apparent aim of the new law is to strengthen controls and strengthen compliance with disclosures, in order that the matter of corporate performance and financial condition be made more transparent to the investing public. The Act applies to all corporations registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), otherwise known as public companies. The most important sections of the statute are those that require the establishment of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Auditor Independence, and Enhanced Financial Disclosures. The impact of the new requirements listed is to strengthen the role and accountability of the internal audit function, in order that management and the board of directors may be held responsible â€Å"to vouch for accounting controls over financial reporting and disclosure weaknesses to shareholders† (Elson & Lynn, 2008:60). Prior to the implementation of the SOX, internal control was observed to be weak because of the weak internal audit performance, lack of independent directors, and inconsistency and general failure to hold the board of directors and internal audit committee accountable. While prior to the SOX, similar recommendations for chang e were already made by the Blue Ribbon Committee, compliance with these earlier recommendations was not as effective than that subsequent to the implementation of the SOX, mainly because of the absence of legal mandatory power of the Blue Ribbon Committee, in contrast with the requirements of the SOX which were legally binding (Lin, Kang & Roline, 2009:10). At least three studies have empirically determined the effect of SOX on the enhancement of internal audit and control by the management and board of directors. In the implementation of SOX, the Chief Audit Executive played an active leadership role in the implementation of SOX (Section 404), emphasizing on risk identification and control as well as remediation. Most reported increasing their resources devoted to corporate governance activities, including the review of ethics, business conduct, legal and regulatory compliance; audit resources were reported to have been increased (Patterson & Smith, 2007) by as much as 66% (Elson & Lynn, 2008). Significant changes were also made to the composition of the audit committee and the board of directors, which included: (a) an increase in the number of independent directors assigned to the audit committee as well as the board of directors; (b) a significant increase in compliance with the requirement that there should be at least four direct ors on the audit committee, as well as having six to fifteen directors in the board of directors; and (c) an increase in the overall average number of audit committee hearings (Lin, Kang & Roline, 2009). These changes pointed to not only formal but also substantial compliance with SOX requirements. Not all effects expected of SOX had materialized. A study of external auditors’ performance was conducted on the expectation that they had begun to exercise a greater conservatism and a more vigorous audit process prior to issuing going-concern or other qualified opinions. The study showed, however, that there had been no significant difference in the changes in the performance of auditor firms when comparing the pre- and post-SOX contexts (Ryu, Uliss & Roh, 2009). Furthermore, there are what are called â€Å"ripple effects,† such as (1) the negative influence on corporate acquisitions and mergers; (2) increased records-management requirements; (3) decreased

The Mood in Funeral Blues by W.H. Auden Essay -- Poetry Analysis

The Mood in Funeral Blues by W.H. Auden The poem, "Funeral Blues", by W.H. Auden tells about a person's grief and is successful in creating a very sad and depressing mood. This is achieved by the poet's use of language, word choice and sentence structure. The way in which the author describes his feeling - along with the use of rhythm and rhyme - was created in a very effective way which made it clear to the reader. In the first stanza the depressing mood is created straight away by the poet's use of commands, which created the impression that he wanted the whole world to come to a stand still: "Stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone, Prevent the dog from barking with a juicy bone" These particular commands are demanding silence from everyone as he is requesting silence from everyone as he wants the clocks to stop ticking, the phone to stop ringing, the dog to be quiet and basically every aspect of normal, everyday life to come to a halt. By doing this the author has made it obvious that the person he has lost was his whole world and he feels as if the world cannot go on anymore without this person. W.H Auden also made effective use of rhythm and rhyme in order to create the atmosphere, which exists at a funeral: "à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦with muffled drum, Bring out the coffin, let the mourners come." By the use of the word 'muffled' I was given the impression of a foggy, depressing and cold day with the coffin being removed from the black hearse. I thought it to be effective when 'drum' was mentioned as normally it is at state funerals for very important people where drums are used. The impression I received was that it... ...der to swallow pills. This is then continued as the next line is telling of the complete despair that he feels and shows the lack of hope and happiness he possesses: "For nothing now can ever come to any good." The use of the word nothing also shows he does not see a future for himself anymore. As it is a short sentence and if you follow the rhythm intended it is a drowsy beat which again extends the overdose idea as it is him falling asleep and puts him out of his misery but at the same time the ending remains sad and does not give a happy ending. In conclusion, Funeral Blues by W.H Auden was successful in creating a very depressing mood that was full of despair and contained absolutely no hope. This was effective by the use of simple language, sentence structure and most importantly the use of rhythm and rhyme.

Fact Sheet on Effects of Marijuana on the Body

MEMORY/PERCEPTION/BEHAVIOR 1. Attention, memory and learning are impaired among heavy marijuana users, even after users discontinued its use for at least 24 hours. Heavy marijuana use is associated with residual neuropsychological effects even after a day of supervised abstinence from the drug. Heavy users displayed significantly greater impairment than light users on attention/executive functions, as evidenced particularly by greater preservations on card sorting and reduced learning of word lists.These differences remained after controlling for potential confounding variables, such as estimated levels of premorbid cognitive functioning, and for use of alcohol and other substances in the two groups. However, the question remains open as to whether this impairment is due to a residue of drug in the brain, a withdrawal effect from the drug, or a frank neurotoxic effect of the drug. (â€Å"The Residual Cognitive Effects of Heavy Marijuana Use in College Students,† Pope, HG Jr. , Yurgelun-Todd, D. , Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, JAMA February 21, 1996. 2. Impaired memory for recent events, difficulty concentrating, dreamlike states, impaired motor coordination, impaired driving and other psychomotor skills, slowed reaction time, impaired goal-directed mental activity, and altered peripheral vision are common associated effects. (Adams and Martin 1996; Fehr and Kalant 1983; Hollister 1988a; Institute of Medicine 1982; Tart 1971) 3. A roadside study of reckless drivers who were not impaired by alcohol, showed that 45% of these drivers tested positive for marijuana. Dr. Dan Brookoff, published in the New England Journal of Medicine) 4. Marijuana smoking affects the brain and leads to impaired short-term memory, perception, judgment and motor skills. (Marijuana Facts: Parents Need to Know, National Institute on Drug Abuse ) 5. In a survey of 150 marijuana using students, 59% surveyed report they sometimes forget what a conversa tion is about before it has ended. 41% report if they read while stoned they remembered less of what they had read hours later. (Dr.Richard Schwartz, Vienna Pediatric Associates in Psychiatric Annals as reported in NIDA Capsules) NEUROBIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 6. Marijuana activates the same pleasure centers in the brain that are targeted by heroin, cocaine and alcohol. (Dr. Gaetano Di Chiara, University of Caligari, Italy) CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS 7. Physiological effects of marijuana include an alteration of heart rate. Use of marijuana may result in intense anxiety, panic attacks or paranoia. (National Institute of Drug Abuse) CHRONIC EFFECTS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM EFFECTS . The daily use of 1 to 3 marijuana joints appears to produce approximately the same lung damage and potential cancer risk as smoking 5 times as many cigarettes. (UCLA) The study results suggest that the way smokers inhale marijuana, in addition to its chemical composition, increases the adverse physical effects. The same l ung cancer risks associated with tobacco also apply to marijuana users, even though they smoke far less. (reported in NIDA Capsules) 9. Benzopyrene is the chemical in tobacco that causes lung cancer.An average marijuana cigarette contains nearly 50% more benzopyrene than a tobacco cigarette. An average marijuana cigarette contains 30 nanograms of this carcinogen compared to 21 nanograms in an average tobacco cigarette (Marijuana and Health, National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine Report, 1982) Benzopyrene suppresses a gene that controls growth of cells. When this gene is damaged the body becomes more susceptible to cancer. This gene is related to half of all human cancers and as many as 70% of lung cancers. 10.Marijuana users may have many of the same respiratory problems that tobacco smokers have, such as chronic bronchitis and inflamed sinuses. (Marijuana Facts: Parents Need to Know, National Institute on Drug Abuse ) 11. Marijuana smokers, when compared to non marijua na smokers, have more respiratory illness. (Polen et al. 1993). 12. Marijuana smoke produces airway injury, acute and chronic bronchitis, lung inflammation, and decreased pulmonary defenses against infection. Smoking one marijuana cigarette leads to air deposition of four times as much cancer-causing tar as does tobacco smoke (Dr.D. Tashkin, Western Journal of Medicine) ENDOCRINE SYSTEM EFFECTS 13. Heavy marijuana use can affect hormones in both males and females. Heavy doses of the drugs may delay the onset of puberty in young men. Marijuana also can have adverse effects on sperm production. Among women, regular marijuana use can disrupt the normal monthly menstrual cycle and inhibit the discharge of eggs from the ovaries. (Marijuana Facts: Parents Need to know, National Institute on Drug Abuse) ADVERSE MENTAL EFFECTS 14. An â€Å"amotivational syndrome† can develop in heavy, chronic marijuana users.It is characterized by decreased drive and ambition, shortened attention spa n, poor judgment, high distractibility, impaired communication skills, and diminished effectiveness in interpersonal situations. (National Institute of Drug Abuse) 15. Adults who smoked marijuana daily believed it helped them function better, improved self-awareness and improved relationships with others. However, researchers found that users were more willing to tolerate problems, suggesting that the drug served as a buffer for those who would rather avoid confronting problems than make changes that might increase their satisfaction with life.The study indicated that these subjects used marijuana to avoid dealing with their difficulties and the avoidance inevitably made their problems worse. Although users believed the drug enhanced understanding of themselves, it actually served as a barrier against self-awareness. (case studies by research team from Center for Psychosocial Studies in New York. ) IMMUNE SYSTEM EFFECTS 16. Marijuana and some of its compounds influence the immune sy stem and affect the body's ability to resist viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, and decreases the body's anti tumor activities.Marijuana has the potential to alter the backup safeguards of the immune system because it affects diverse types of cells in the body. This could compromise the immune system's ability to screen out cancer cells and eliminate infection. (Dr. Guy A. Cabral, Professor, Medical College of Virginia, speaking at NlDA's National Conference on Marijuana Use: Prevention, Treatment and Research. ) Limitations of Marijuana Research â€Å"Unfortunately, much of what is known about the human pharmacology of smoked marijuana comes from experiments with plant material containing about 2% THC or less, or occasionally up to 4% THC.In addition, human experiments typically are done in laboratory settings where only one or two smoked doses were administered to relatively young, medically screened, healthy male volunteers well experienced with the effects of marijuana. Fem ales rarely participated in past marijuana research because of prohibitions (now removed) against their inclusion. Thus the clinical pharmacology of single or repeated smoked marijuana doses given to older people or to people with serious diseases has hardly been researched at all in a controlled laboratory or clinic setting.Some of the very few reports of experiments that have included older or sicker people, particularly patients less experienced in using marijuana suggest the profile of adverse effects may differ from healthy student volunteers smoking in a laboratory experiment (Hollister, 1986a, 1988a) THC administered alone in its pure form is the most thoroughly research cannabinoid. Much of what has been written has been inferred from the results of experiments using only pure THC.Generally, in experiments actually using marijuana, the assumed dose of marijuana was based only on the concentration of THC in the plant material. The amounts of cannabidiol and other cannabinoids in the plant also vary so that pharmacological interactions modifying the effects THC may occur when marijuana is used instead of pure THC. The result of this research strategy is that a good deal is known about the pharmacology of THC, but experimental confirmation that the pharmacology of a marijuana cigarette is indeed entirely or mainly determined by the amount of THC it contains remains to be completed.The scientific literature contains occasional hints that the pharmacology of pure THC, although similar, is not always the same as the clinical pharmacology of smoked marijuana containing the same amount of THC (Graham 1976, Harvey 1985, Institute of Medicine 1982)† (Report to the Director, National Institutes of Health, by the Ad-Hoc Group of Experts, â€Å"Workshop on the Medical Utility of Marijuana. â€Å")

Biography of Edward Low, English Pirate

Edward Ned Low (1690–1724) was an English criminal, sailor, and pirate. He took up piracy sometime around 1722, after the execution of Charles Vane. Low was very successful, plundering dozens if not hundreds of ships over the course of his criminal career. Like Vane, Low was known for his cruelty to his prisoners and was greatly feared on both sides of the Atlantic. Fast Facts: Edward Low Known For: Low was an English pirate known for his viciousness and brutality.Also Known As: Edward Lowe, Edward LoeBorn: 1690 in Westminster, London, EnglandDied: 1724 (place of death unknown) Early Life Low was born in Westminster, London, probably sometime around 1690. As a youth, he was a thief and a gambler. He was a strong young man and would often beat up other boys for their money. Later, as a gambler, he would cheat brazenly: if anyone called him on it, he would fight them and usually win. When he was a teenager, he went to sea and worked for a few years in a rigging house (where he made and repaired ships ropes and rigging) in Boston. Piracy Tiring of life on land, Low signed on board a small vessel that was headed to the Bay of Honduras to cut logwood. Such missions were risky, as the Spanish coastal patrol would attack them if they were sighted. One day, after a long days work cutting logwood, the captain ordered Low and the other men to make one more trip, so as to fill the ship faster and get out of there. Low became enraged and fired a musket at the captain. He missed but killed another sailor. Low was marooned and the captain took the opportunity to rid himself of a dozen or so other malcontents as well. The marooned men soon captured a small boat and turned pirate. The new pirates went to Grand Cayman Island, where they met a pirate force under the command of George Lowther on board the ship Happy Delivery. Lowther was in need of men and offered to let Low and his men join. They did happily, and Low was made lieutenant. Within a couple of weeks, the Happy Delivery had taken a big prize: the 200-ton ship Greyhound, which they burned. They took several other ships in the Bay of Honduras over the next few weeks, and Low was promoted to captain of a captured sloop, which was outfitted with 18 cannons. It was a quick rise for Low, who had been a junior officer on board the logwood ship only weeks before. Not long after, as the pirates refitted their ships on an isolated beach, they were attacked by a large group of angry natives. The men had been resting on the shore, and although they were able to escape, they lost much of their loot and the Happy Delivery was burned. Setting out in the remaining ships, they resumed piracy once more with great success, capturing many merchant and trading vessels. In May 1722, Low and Lowther decided to part ways. Low was then in charge of a Brigantine with two cannons and four swivel guns, and there were some 44 men serving under him. Over the next two years, Low became one of the most successful and feared pirates in the world. He and his men captured and robbed dozens of vessels over a wide area, ranging from the western coast of Africa to the southeastern United States. His flag, which was well-known and feared, consisted of a red skeleton on a black field. Tactics Low was a clever pirate who would use brute force only when necessary. His ships collected a variety of flags and he would often approach targets while flying the flag of Spain, England, or whatever other nation they thought their prey might be from. Once close, they would run up the Jolly Roger and begin firing, which was usually enough to demoralize the other ship into surrendering. Low preferred to use a small fleet of two to four pirate ships to better outmaneuver his victims. He could also use the threat of force. On more than one occasion, he sent messengers to coastal towns threatening an attack if they were not given food, water, or whatever else he wanted. In some cases, he held hostages. More often than not, the threat of force worked and Low was able to get his provisions without firing a shot. Nevertheless, Low developed a reputation for cruelty and ruthlessness. On one occasion, as he prepared to burn a ship he had recently captured and no longer needed, he ordered the ships cook tied to the mast to perish in the fire. The reason was that the man was a greasy fellow who would sizzle—this proved amusing to Low and his men. On another occasion, they caught a galley with some Portuguese aboard. Two friars were hung from the Fore-Yard and jerked up and down until they died, and another Portuguese passenger—who had made the mistake of looking sorrowful at the fate of his friends—was cut to pieces by one of Lows men. Death In June 1723, Low was sailing in his flagship Fancy and was accompanied by the Ranger, under the command of Charles Harris, a loyal lieutenant. After successfully seizing and plundering several ships off of the Carolinas, they ran into the 20-gun Greyhound, a Royal Navy ship on the lookout for pirates. The Greyhound pinned down the Ranger and shot down its mast, effectively crippling it. Low decided to run, leaving Harris and the other pirates to their fate. All of the hands on board the Ranger were captured and brought to trial in Newport, Rhode Island. Twenty-five men (including Harris) were found guilty and hung, two more were found not guilty and sent to prison, and eight more were found not guilty on the grounds that they had been forced into piracy. Historians are not quite sure what happened to Low. According to the National Maritime Museum in London, the pirate was never captured and spent the rest of his life in Brazil. Another history suggests that his crew tired of his cruelty (he supposedly shot a sleeping man he had fought with, causing the crew to despise him as a coward). Set adrift in a small ship, he was found by the French and brought to Martinique for trial and hanged. This seems the most likely account, although there is little in the way of documentation to prove it. In any event, by 1725 Low was no longer active in piracy. Legacy Edward Low  was the real deal: a ruthless, cruel, clever pirate who terrorized transatlantic shipping for about two years during the so-called Golden Age of Piracy. He brought commerce to a halt and had naval vessels searching the Caribbean for him. He became, in a sense, the poster boy for the need to control piracy. Before Low, many pirates were either cruel or successful, but Low was a sadist with a well-armed and organized fleet. He was hugely successful in pirate terms, plundering well over 100 ships in his career. Only  Black Bart Roberts  was more successful in the same area and time. Low was also a good teacher—his lieutenant Francis Spriggs had a successful pirate career after absconding with one of Lows ships in 1723. Sources Defoe, Daniel, and Manuel Schonhorn. A General History of the Pyrates. Dover Publications, 1999.Konstam, Angus. World Atlas of Pirates: Treasures And Treachery On The Seven Seas—In Maps, Tall Tales, And Pictures. The Lyons Press, October 1, 2009.Woodard, Colin. The Republic of Pirates: Being the True and Surprising Story of the Caribbean Pirates and the Man Who Brought Them Down. First edition, Mariner Books, June 30, 2008.